Contributed Article: “Impact of Glyphosate on the Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of An EPSPS-Transgenic Soybean Line ZUTS31 by Metagenome Sequencing“
Bentham Science Publishers
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Clinical Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs 3, Issue 2
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Open Access Article – iTRAQ-based Proteomic Analysis of APPSw,Ind Mice Provides Insights into the Early Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease – Current Alzheimer Research
Journal: Current Alzheimer Research
Author(s): Nan Li, Pinghong Hu, Tiantian Xu, Huan Chen, Xiaoying Chen, Jianwen Hu, Xifei Yang, Lei Shi, Jian-hong Luo, Junyu Xu.
Abstract:
Background: Several proteins have been identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers in imaging, genetic, or proteomic studies in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and mouse models. However, biomarkers for presymptom diagnosis of AD are still under investigation, as are the presymptom molecular changes in AD pathogenesis.
Objective: In this study, we aim to analyzed the early proteomic changes in APPSw,Ind mice and to conduct further functional studies on interesting proteins.
Methods: We used the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach combined with mass spectrometry to examine the early proteomic changes in hippocampi of APPSw,Ind mice. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immuno-blotting were performed for further validation. Finally, the functions of interesting proteins β-spectrin and Rab3a in APP trafficking and processing were tested by shRNA knockdown, in N2A cells stably expressing β-amyloid precursor protein (APP).
Results: The iTRAQ and RT-PCR results revealed the detailed molecular changes in oxidative stress, myelination, astrocyte activation, mTOR signaling and Rab3-dependent APP trafficking in the early stage of AD progression. Knock down of β -spectrin and Rab3a finally led to increased APP fragment production, indicating key roles of β-spectrin and Rab3a in regulating APP processing.
Conclusion: Our study provides the first insights into the proteomic changes that occur in the hippocampus in the early stages of the AD mouse model. In addition to improving the understanding of molecular alterations and functional cascades involved in early AD pathogenesis, our findings raise the possibility of developing potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early AD.
Read more here: http://www.eurekaselect.com/154328
Editor’s Choice – Model Validity in Nanoimmunosafety: Advantages and Disadvantages of In vivo vs In vitro Models, and Human vs Animal Models – Current Bionanotechnology
Journal: Current Bionanotechnology
Author(s): Diana Boraschi, Paola Italiani.
Graphical Abstract:
Abstract:
The thorough understanding of the interaction between nanomaterials and the immune system is the starting point both for nanomaterial exploitation in nanomedicine and for the implementation of an effective regulatory framework concerning nanosafety for human health and the environment. In this context, the use of valid models, in vitro and in vivo, is central for assessing both the positive and the detrimental effects of nanomaterials, thereby predicting their possible risks for human and environmental health. Thus, predicting models are sought that allow us on one side defining hazard posed by nanomaterials, and therefore implementing safety regulation and safe-by-design nanotechnologies, and on the other side exploiting nanomaterials for more effective therapeutic and preventive medical strategies. Here, we consider the advantages and limitation of the current in vitro and in vivo human and animal models, and the appropriateness of their use for assessing the effects of nanomaterials on immunity.
Read more here: http://www.eurekaselect.com/142770
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Current Drug Discovery Technologies 14, Issue 3
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Drug Delivery Letters 7, Issue 2
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