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Journal Name: Anti-Cancer Agents In Medicinal Chemistry
Contributed Article: LHRH Targeted Chonderosomes Of Mitomycin C In Breast Cancer: An In Vitro/ In Vivo Study
Tag: Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Testimonial By Arshad H. Rahmani
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Journal Name: Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Contributed Article: Garlic and its Active Compounds: A Potential Candidate in The Prevention of Cancer by Modulating Various Cell Signalling Pathways
Testimonial | Read what our Authors have to say about publishing in our Journal – By Dr. Sherien M. El-Daly
Editors Choice Article | Novel Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines as Potential Cytotoxic Agents: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking and CDK2 Inhibition
Journal Name: Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
(Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry – Anti-Cancer Agents)
Author(s): Mai Maher, Asmaa E. Kassab*, Ashraf F. Zaher, Zeinab Mahmoud
Graphical Abstract:
Abstract:
Background: Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold was reported to possess potent cytotoxic and CDK2 inhibitory activity as analogue of roscovitine.
Objective: To design and synthesize novel 1-(4-flourophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as bioisosters of roscovitine with potential cytotoxic and CDK2 inhibitory activity.
Methods: A series of novel 1-(4-flourophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines were designed and synthesized. Structural elucidation for all the newly synthesized compounds was achieved through performing MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectral techniques. Eight compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity by National Cancer Institute (USA) against 60 different human cancer cell lines. Compounds 2a, 4, 6, 7b, 8a and 8b were further studied through the determination of their IC50 values against the most sensitive cell lines. The inhibitory activities of compounds 2a and 4 were evaluated against CDK2 enzyme.
Results: Compound 4 exhibited the most prominent broad-spectrum cytotoxic activity against 42 cell lines representing all human cancer types showing growth inhibition percentages from 53.19 to 99.39. Compound 2a showed promising selectivity against several cell lines. Moreover, all the test compounds exhibited potent cytotoxic activity in nanomolar to micromolar range with IC50 values ranging from 0.58 to 8.32μM. Compound 2a showed significant cytotoxic activity against CNS (SNB-75), lung (NCI-H460) and ovarian (OVCAR-4) cancer cell lines with IC50 values 0.64, 0.78 and 1.9μM, respectively. Compound 4 showed promising potency against leukemia (HL-60) and CNS (SNB-75) cell lines (IC50 = 0.58 and 0.94μM, sequentially). Moreover, the antiproliferative activities of compounds 2a and 4 appeared to correlate well with their ability to inhibit CDK2 at sub-micromolar level (IC50 = 0.69 and 0.67μM, respectively) that were comparable to roscovitine (IC50=0.44μM). The Molecular docking results revealed that compound 4 interacted with the same key amino acids as roscovitine in the active site of CDK2 enzyme with a marked docking score (-14.1031 kcal/mol).
Conclusion: 1-(4-Flourophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine is a promising scaffold for the design and synthesis of potent cytotoxic leads.
To read out more, please visit: http://www.eurekaselect.com/171723/article
Testimonial by Dr. Wael M. El-Sayed!
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Contributed Article: Substitution at Phenyl Rings of Chalcone and Schiff Base Moieties Accounts for their Antiproliferative Activity
Journal Name: Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Article by Disease | New Medical Strategies for Midgut Carcinoids
Bentham Oncology Collection | Oncology | CARCINOID TUMOURS
Abstract:
Patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract often present with metastases and hormonal symptoms. These patients can be palliated by interventional tumour reduction and medical treatment with somatostatin analogues; no effective chemotherapy is available. Radionuclide therapy via somatostatin receptors is one new therapeutic alternative. The recognition that neuroendocrine tumours express specific receptors for growth factors and chemokines, which are of importance for tumour growth, vascularization, and spread, may open the way for new therapeutic approaches. The signalling pathways in carcinoid tumours are incompletely explored. This review summarizes potential new treatment strategies from clinical and experimental studies, e.g. inhibition of angiogenesis, targeting of growth factors or their receptors by tyrosine kinase inhibitors, interference with specific cellular pathways (mTOR, PI3K, RAS/RAF, Notch), and also inhibition of the proteasome and histone deacetylation. Combining targeted therapy with chemotherapy, or using drugs to sensitize for radionuclide therapy, may enhance the treatment outcome.
Read out more at: http://www.eurekaselect.com/node/71224/article
EDITORS CHOICE ARTICLE – Antitumor Potential of Marine Natural Products: A Mechanistic Investigation
Journal Name: Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Liping Hu, Jie Ying, Miaomiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Qiu, Yu Lu*.
Graphical Abstract:
Abstract:
Background: Compounds obtained from natural resources have become important candidates in the discovery and development of drugs. Over the past few decades, marine resources have gradually attracted a large amount of attention from researchers, and many compounds with varying structures and activities have been derived from various marine resources. Since the ocean experiences more variable temperatures, lower oxygen levels and less light than the terrestrial environment, marine resources offer a substantial number of organisms that are not available or rarely detected on land.
Description: Researchers expect that they can discover agents from marine organisms that exhibit good activity for diseases. Of the marine compounds acquired, the majority have shown to have good antitumor activity, and range in phases from clinical trials up to being used in the clinic. These natural products operate through different pathways and have unique antitumor effects that include inducing cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation and influencing cell migration. A variety of drugs have been used for cancer treatment during the last few years, but it has not been possible to greatly extend the survival time of advanced cancer patients. In addition, researchers are actively looking for compounds to overcome problems that include a lack of effective drugs to control the transfer of cancer cells and the development of drug-resistant microbes.
Conclusion: Here, we summarize the marine natural products that have been obtained over the past few years, and analyze their antitumor effects and mechanisms. Our research will provide a significant basis for anticancer drug screening and development.
READ MORE HERE: http://www.eurekaselect.com/155671/article
New Issue :: Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Volume: 18, Issue: 4)
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design for the discovery of anti-cancer agents.
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments in cancer drug discovery.
Articles from the Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Volume 18, Issue 4:
- Radio-Modulatory Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester: A Therapeutic Perspective
- “Good Fashion is Evolution, Not Revolution” – Methods to Enhance Existing Anticancer Medicines, Primarily with the Use of Transition Metal
- Recent Development of Sulfonyl or Sulfonamide Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Agents: A Key Review
- Potential Future of New Glutamate Agonists and Antagonists Development
- Halilectin-3, a Lectin from the Marine Sponge Haliclona caerulea, Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Breast Cancer MCF7 Cells Through Caspase-9 Pathway and LC3-II Protein Expression
- Dual Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity of 4-Benzoyl-1-dichlorobenzoylthiosemicarbazide Derivatives
- Antineoplastic Effects of NF-κB Inhibition by DHMEQ (Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin) Alone and in Co-treatment with Radio-and Chemotherapy in Medulloblastoma Cell Lines
- Increased Expression of IRE1α Associates with the Resistant Mechanism of Osimertinib (AZD9291)-resistant non-small Cell Lung Cancer HCC827/OSIR Cells
- Synthesis and Evaluation of 2-Naphthaleno trans-Stilbenes and Cyanostilbenes as Anticancer Agents
- Riluzole Inhibits Proliferation, Migration and Cell Cycle Progression and Induces Apoptosis in Tumor Cells of Various Origins
- Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of New 3, 5-Disubstituted-2-Thioxoimidazolidinones
- Oleanolic Acid Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Angiogenesis by Blocking the VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway
- AMPA Receptor Antagonist CFM-2 Decreases Survivin Expression in Cancer Cells
- Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Generic Doxorubicin HCl Liposome Injection with the Reference Listed Drug
- Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Induction of Phloroacetophenone Glycosides and Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives in Gastric Adenocarcinoma (AGS) Cells
- Novel Fluorinated Porphyrins Sensitize Tumor Cells to Photodamage in Normoxia and Hypoxia: Synthesis and Biocompatible Formulations
For details on the articles, please visit this link :: https://bit.ly/2LQ0VE3
PRESS RELEASE – Pterocarpanquinones and carbapterocarpans with anti-tumor activity against MDR leukemias
The article by Dr. Vivian M. Rumjanek et al. is published in Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2018
Careful thinking must be put since the very first days of the design of a new drug candidate to consider variables such as cost-effectiveness, novelty, side effects and the peculiarity of the disease to be treated. Cancer, as a multifactorial sum of diseases, present challenges since its high mutational background often grants tumor cells varying mechanisms to sustain cellular proliferation. Our group, consisting on researchers with different backgrounds as well, resorted to nature to find chemical groups that would present good in vivo tolerance with possibilities for further development. Pterocarpans, secondary metabolites derived mainly from isoflavonoids of the Papilionoideae subfamily of the Leguminosae plant family, served this purpose. They possess anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic properties along with a highly ‘moddable’ scaffold comprising phenolic rings. Addition of two prime pharmacophores such as naphthoquinones and sulfonamides added new mechanisms of antineoplastic action, since the first display prooxidant activity and the latter are described to inhibit tubulin polymerization and tyrosine kinases. Considering this, the resulting molecules LQB-118 and LQB-223 would likely induce toxicity to a variety of tumor cells.
Multidrug resistance (MDR), the major hurdle to a successful therapy outcome, would present additional challenges. Diverse mechanisms act in MDR to evade drug-induced apoptosis: changes in cell cycle and metabolic adaptation to the insult exerted by chemotherapeutics, upregulation of protective responses such as resistance to oxidative stress and antiapoptotic proteins (IAPs) and increase in the activity of efflux transporter proteins. These adaptations are dynamic and highly variable among tumor subtypes, in a way that drug design projects often show its shortcomings when MDR is considered. Our results indicated otherwise; in leukemic cells, inhibition induced by the hybrid pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 did not seem to associate with blockade on a particular phase of the cell cycle. On solid tumors, however, an increase in the G2/M phase was observed. On leukemias, suppression of the master cell cycle regulator FoxM1 produced changes in diverse phases of the cell cycle according to the cell subtype; on prostate cancer downregulation of cyclins B1 and D1 were present. Regarding protective responses, LQB-118 was able to overcome two of the most effective in dealing with cellular stress, increases in glutathione to counter oxidative damage and upregulation of survivin and XIAP to evade apoptosis. This profile would likely be associated to inhibition of a broad, upstream transcriptional regulator, and NF?B emerged as the cellular target of LQB-118. In addition, the effect of this compound was increased when autophagy was promoted with rapamycin, and no changes manifested when this pathway was inhibited with chloroquine. Downstream apoptotic responses were observed accordingly, such as calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial outer membrane depolarization, caspases’ and PARP activation, and DNA fragmentation.
It became clear that LQB-118 was able to ‘tweak’ its mode of action and exert toxicity to different tumor cells. The multiple pathways affected are the reflection of the way the particular cell tries to circumvent the insult produced by this drug. This could partially be explained by the hybrid nature of LQB-118, in which both its pterocarpan and quinone scaffolds act in synergy for the bioactivation of this drug, producing oxidative and/or alkylating damage depending on the intrinsic biological feature of the tumor subtype. This would be nothing out of ordinary if this resulted in unacceptable toxicity to healthy organisms. Our group performed extensive studies on normal mice with diverse immunologic backgrounds, and this compound was able to reach its final targets in vivo, reducing tumor growth sparing normal cells. A similar outcome was observed on both healthy and neoplastic cells from leukemic patients at the National Cancer Institute of Brazil. Our compounds were designed to be effective in cells with MDR phenotype; as such, it was important to evaluate their efficacy on cells overexpressing ABC proteins. Given their isoflavonoid origin, LQB-118 was able to circumvent high levels of ABCB1 protein expression and functional activity, a profile that was maintained on LQB-223, the carba-derivative that was designed not to repeat the same molecular mechanisms displayed by LQB-118 (thus avoiding the non-innovative ‘me-too’ molecules). LQB-223 acted regardless of both ABCB1 and ABCC1 overexpression in leukemias as well as breast cancer cells, being of broader scope than LQB-118. Owing to its sulfonamide moiety, LQB-223 was demonstrated to bind to the minor groove of DNA, and recent yet unpublished results suggest DNA topoisomerases and ?-tubulin as targets of this carbapterocarpan, expanding its use.
Tracing back to the origins of the compounds, the diverse natures of our research group and the variety of prime chemical groups employed resulted in compounds with a myriad of mechanisms, adaptable to diverse phenotypes of drug resistance. The radical innovation applied to a prototypical chemical structure propose LQB-118 and LQB-223 as antineoplastic drug candidates directed to drug-resistant neoplasias, with good selectivity and interesting mechanistic features.
For more information, please visit: http://www.eurekaselect.com/161464
RECENTLY PUBLISHED ISSUES – BENTHAM SCIENCE JOURNALS
Current Molecular Medicine 17, Issue 8
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Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 18, Issue 1
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Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 18, Issue 6
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